Why pre-approval comes first
A pre-approval letter tells you your real budget and shows sellers you can close. In the Valley, listing agents expect one with every offer, and some won't schedule a showing without it.
What lenders look at
- Credit score. Most conventional loans require 620 or higher. FHA allows 580 with 3.5% down, or 500 to 579 with 10% down. A higher score gets a better rate.
- Debt-to-income ratio. Lenders usually want total monthly debts, including the new payment, under about 43% to 45% of gross monthly income. Some programs allow more with strong credit or savings.
- Income and employment. 2 years of stable history is the standard. Self-employed buyers need 2 years of tax returns, and lenders average the net income.
- Assets. Bank statements that show your down payment and closing costs.
Loan types compared
| Loan | Minimum down | Best for |
|---|---|---|
| Conventional | 3% | Good credit and stable income. No mortgage insurance with 20% down. |
| FHA | 3.5% | First-time buyers and lower credit scores. Requires mortgage insurance. |
| VA | 0% | Eligible veterans and service members. No monthly mortgage insurance. |
| Jumbo | 10–20% | Loans above the 2026 conforming limit of $832,750 in Maricopa County. |
Choosing a lender
Rates and fees vary between lenders, so compare at least 2 or 3 Loan Estimates. I work with several local lenders who close Arizona purchases on time and can introduce you.
Common questions
What credit score do I need to buy a house in Arizona?
Conventional loans usually need 620 or higher. FHA allows 580 with 3.5% down. VA loans typically need around 620, depending on the lender.
What is the conforming loan limit in Arizona?
$832,750 for a 1-unit home in Maricopa County in 2026. Loans above that amount are jumbo loans. The limit is updated each November for the following year.
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Rules, rates, and limits change, so confirm current numbers with your lender and escrow officer before you rely on them.